Hills Like White Elephant Essay Example for Free

Hills Like White Elephant EssayErnest Hemingway makes use of the image of a snow-covered elephant in Hills Like White Elephant. Legend has it that the emperor of Thailand used to give pureness elephants as gifts for those people he was displeased with and wanted to punish. The sportsmanlike elephant is unavailing for normal uses and is extremely valuable to feed and care for. However, once someone has been given a white elephant he or she cannot get rid of it because it was a gift from the emperor. Therefore the emperor punishes the person with his gift. In this story, there is virtually no narrative there are a few descriptions, but for the most(prenominal) part these descriptions are neutral, almost to the point of being bland or lifeless. The story is advanced by the dialogue between the unnamed American homo and the young wo patch Jig who are discussing whether or not she should have an abortion of the child she is expecting. Jig notices the hills in the distance and says they look like white elephants. Clearly the man views the unborn child as a white elephant that if allowed to be born will become expensive and unmanageable. He feels threatened by the possibility of having a child to rest. He tries to convince Jig, that all the abortion entails is letting in the air and then its all perfectly natural. It is clear that the man is feeling crowded by the possibility of having to raise a child. He need fresh air. At first blush, one might thing the white elephant in the story is the unwanted child as the man does. However, on further reflection however, it appears that the white elephant is the unnamed man. He has become too expensive for Jig to maintain the relationship. The relationship is not worth the price of aborting the unborn child. Although Hemingway doesnt explicitly say so, it appears that Jig will refuse to have the abortion and if the unnamed man cannot deal with raising a child he is welcome to seek his own life away from her and th e baby.

Animal Farm And A Utopian Society Essay Example for Free

Animal Farm And A Utopian Society EssayBased on George Orwells Animal Farm a utopian society cornerstone not be achieved. A perfect world is impossible to achieve because you will always get someone who takes charge and overrules the people.In the book the animals successfully rebel from the owner of the farm, Mr. Jones. After the rebellion as a whole the animals set up some rules and commandments. At this point the animals feel that they have created a utopia, or a perfect world. They feel they can work hard for a while and then be rewarded with retirement. Eventually there becomes a prime(prenominal) group of animals that convince the rest of the animals that they are of higher intelligence. With this in mind they then told them that the elite group, the pigs, deserved more of the delicacies such as milk and apples. The pigs declared that these foods increased their abilities to do the brain work. The pigs also take over the house and begin to adopt many of the evil habits o f man. In reality the pigs forced the another(prenominal) animals in to doing all of the manual labor so that they could reap the benefits solely for themselves. This is the sole reason that a utopian society can not be achieved. The pigs, or higher forms of government can only hold the respect of the people for so long until they eventually go back to the old ways, and the utopia is demolished.

Freuds Concept of the Unconscious Hitchcocks Psycho

Freuds Concept of the Unconscious Hitchcocks PsychoIn this undertake I have analysed the famous Hitchcock film psycho apply Freuds concept of the unconscious(p).The bleak, monochrome film is made more effective by Bernard Herrmanns sparse, only if driving, recognisable score, first played under the frantic credits. The criss-crossing patterns, like mirror-images, be correlated to the split, schizophrenic personality of a major protagonist. The initial usage of staccato chords immediately results us with a hint of detachment of a parting to be involved, this along with the titles created by Saul Bass, (who was known for his style reminiscent of 1920s Soviet poster art) immediately provide the audience with apprehension. The screech of the violins is object lesson of birds, which we later larn depicted throughout the film. Many of Hitchcocks recurring images are important in Freudian dream interpretation. It is apparent right from the beginning what lies onward is no ordinar y story, and a strange feeling of anxiety swells with the visual and musical intro. Screenwriter Joseph Stefano adapted Robert Blochs novel Psycho into what would become one of Alfred Hitchcocks important works and one of the classic films of all time. We are led to believe Psycho is a film about cloak-and-dagger affairs, misappropriation, murder, secrets, and mental struggle although in the darkness, there lies an examination of the temptations of wealth, sexual identity, gender roles, sexual expression, it depicts the appalling events which can occur with the departure of normal advancement. Psycho reiterates to its viewers that people sometimes provide a visual falsity of who they are and stories we have read as squirtren of a bad person visually representative of their character traits in vivification are not often the case, and when the personal development has not reached an expected level that immoral crimes may occur.Sigmund Freud wrote about the human psyche in the 1920 essay Beyond the Pleasure Principle, and fully elaborated upon it in The Ego and the Id (1923). Freuds theory of the subconscious consists of three parts, the Id, the Ego, and the Super Ego and the interaction between them all. The Id is considered to be chaotic, the common snapping turtle for animalistic impulses, and is governed by the pleasure principle, otherwise known as instant gratification. It is also the location of the libido, which is our life force or our sexual drive. The Ids driving mind is for self-preservation. The Ego is quite different from the Id, it is the broker between the Id and the Super Ego. The Ego is also the personality we show others, founded upon the reality formula. The Super Ego represents our conscience or moral standards, ideas of right and wrong which are permanently instilled in our minds by our parents or other authority figures. Freud regarded the mind to be like an Iceberg (see jut out 1) where the unconscious lies below the surface, and the conscious above. To conclude the Id demands gratification, the Ego responds to reality (civilization), and the Superego which is our moral code and also is dictated by the demands of society.The storyline of this film involves a adolescent woman who through the pleasure principle of the id steals $40,000 from her employer. Marion is motivated by her desire to settle down and have a family with her lover Sam and to have pecuniary freedom. Her super ego and the moral side have been outbalanced by her personal desires to live the perfect life with her lover. She ends up on a personal odyssey towards holy terror when she encounters a disturbed young hotel proprietor who is dominated by his niggle. Throughout the film is a parallel to psychoanalysis as it attempts to piece together curb parts to understand as a coherent whole. Even the films cinematographic techniques reinforce individual images as being composed of fragmentary pieces. Part of Psychos visual petition comes from Hi tchcocks use of montage. James Naremore quotes Hitchcock describing montage as puttinglittle bits and pieces of film togetherMarion drives to her lover and a curtain of rain leads her to check into the Bates Motel. Paths and steps and roads are prevelant in Pyscho , the path between the motel and house which symbolises a path between the normal and the insane, in Psycho stairs lead to madness. In his documentary The PervertHYPERLINK http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Perverts_Guide_to_CinemaHYPERLINK http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Perverts_Guide_to_Cinemas Guide to Cinema, Slavoj iek remarks that Norman Bates mansion has three floors, paralleling the three levels that psychoanalysis attributes to the human mind the first floor would be the superego (Figure 2a), where Bates mother lives on the ground floor is hence Bates ego (Figure 2b), where he functions as an apparently normal human being and finally, the basement would be Bates id (Figure 2c).For Freud, most repressed memories rel ate to sexuality. One type, for example, derives from the primal scene, where the kid witnesses his parents having sex, then represses the memory of the scene. In Psycho, Norman Bates is said to have murdered his mother and her lover after finding them in bed together. Freud identified the propensity of a person who has experienced a traumatic event to re-live the negative event over and over, in action, in memory, or in dreams. A give away aspect of the theory is the urge to put oneself into situations where the traumatic experience is likely to recur. Some forms of sexual dysfunction are interpreted as examples of repetition requisite for example, an individual spanked as a child may seek out masochistic sexual experiencesThe best known of Freuds theories about childhood sexuality is named from the mythological king Oedipus, who killed his father and married his mother. As Freud described the complex, a young boy is sexually attracted to his mother, and as a result desires t o kill his father in order to possess the mother. This forbidden desire is then repressed, only to return later in neurotic form. In popular Freudianism, mothers are often seen as encouraging the Oedipal complex through possessive or flirtatious behavior toward sons. As Norman Bates tells Marion Crane, a boys best friend is his mother. (But also A son is a poor substitute for a lover.). Freud believed the purpose of psychoanalysis is to recover these repressed memories so that the patient can deal with them in the conscious mind. In Freudianism, a successfully integrated personality is under control of the Ego.We see Norman engage in a discussion with Marion in the parlour where he reveals a desire to escape from mothers tyrannical grip, but cannot gain the will to do so. Norman fails to achieve the self-mastery which Freud claimed psychoanalysis may provide. At this stage Marion retires to her live and decides to return to her old life.In the parlour adjacent to Marions room we se e Norman remove a painting to reveal a spy-hole. The audience is laboured into Normans secret world as he watches her undress. Normal develops masculine and sexual feelings towards Marion. Bates alter ego of his mother is not happy about the prospect of an mesmeric young woman disrupting the love affair between mother and son. He even holds conversations with himself thinking hes speaking to his mother.While dressed as his mother, Bates with knife in hand murders Crane charm she is taking a shower in one of the Bates motel rooms. During the shower scene the piercing violin strings play a large part in creating sheer terror during the horrific scene, screaming begins before Marions own shrieks. The murder during the shower scene destabilises the audience as the steel is pointed at her abdominal womb area, attacking the site of motherhood is perhaps a gesture to prevent her giving birth to men like himself see Figure 3a and 3b. From Freud we learn Normans id becomes the core of t he psyche and determining force causing the mother half of Norman Bates to relegate murder. Normans psyche represses this information causing the precaution of reappearance. The compulsion to repeat is a verbalism of the power of the repressed (Freud, 1920), illustrating the strength of the influence of the repressed and the unconscious.After the murder of Marion and Norman disposing of her in the swamp coterminous to the house, the spectators turn to Norman to replace Marion as its main focus in its subjective role. Later on, when Sam and Lila search for evidence regarding Marions disapparance, Sam Loomis distracts Norman as Lila quietly walks up to the house to talk to Normans mother. She finds in the lower floor Normans mothers dead body which has been removed from its grave and preserved. At this point we realise Norman is two people. Norman is metamorphosised and revealed as his Mother when as he attempts to kill again his disguise is stripped away and ripped off. The Norm an self completely dies, while his macabre Mother self is brought to life, shown by his mothers hysterically-laughing face, animated and resurrected by the light.Normans restricted personal growth this can be linked with the Oedipus complex. During the development of the Oedipus Complex the child develops a strong sense and powerful urges for sexual possession of the opposite sex parent. This urge gives rise to serious problems. The boy identifies with his father, and in doing so, internalises the fathers moral standards hence the boy takes on the morals from his father, forming the superego. In Normans case, the absense of his father has resulted in an unresolved oedipus complex which results in a weak superego. Perhaps its this reason why he struggles with identity disorder as he houses his mothers superego in attempt to compensate for the one which he never developed as a result of his fathers absence.At the end of the film the psychiatrist explains When reality came too close, when danger or desire threatened that illusion, he dressed up, even to a cheap wig he bought. Hed walk about the house, sit in her chair, speak in her voice. He was never all Norman, but he was often only Mother. Freud believed that traumatic events, usually from childhood, are repressed by the conscious mind. However, these destructive memories remain in the subconscious, where they are the source of neuroses and psychoses. The purpose of psychoanalysis is to recover these repressed memories so that the patient can deal with them in the conscious mind.The audience, although they had received an explanation for Normans actions, is left terrified and confused by the last scene of Norman and the manifestation of his split personality. Faced with this spectacle, Hitchcock forces the audience to examine their conscious self in relation to the events that they had just played a role in. Psycho creates a dismay not necessarily from the brutality of the murders but from the subconscious identification with the films characters.To conclude, Hitchcock enforces the idea that all the basic emotions and sentiments derived from the film can be felt by anyone as the unending battle between good and evil exists in all aspects of life. The effective use of character parallels and the creation of the audiences subjective role in the while enables Hitchcock to entice terror and convey a lingering sense of anxiety within the audience through a progressively intensifying theme. Freuds concept of the unconscious is so explicitly mirrored throughout the film. We have a seemingly normal woman whose balance is offset by a desire and which drives her to commit a financial crime. At the other end of the spectre we have again a man who most would think was harmless enough but due to his childhood and developmental restrictions has for other reasons allowed his unconscious to take full control of his conscious. According to Freud the essence of repression lies simply in the turning s omething away, and keeping it at a distance for the conscious Freud believed traumatic memories usually of childhood events are repressed as a defence mechanism which keeps the ego free of employment and tension, however something can induce the momentary retrieval of a repressed memory and in the case of Norman Bates this triggered a psychotic in his mother psyche episode.

The Peace Of Mind Philosophy Essay

The Peace Of Mind Philosophy EssayPeace of head teacher is one of those instants in action that are hard to describe, only if easy to know. We all know the sensation. In those fleeting instants, there are no doubts, anxieties, or cares. For a flash, smell is entirely under modification. It is a sensation that we all wish in life, but it is few, far between, and brief. At least it seems that way.Freedom from disquieting or oppressive thoughts or emotions.It all surprises with the basic desire to be satisfied. Everybody wants to be happy. Even if someone privileges they want to be unhappy, seeking that unhappy state really makes them happy.Joy set upnot evanesce without peace. In fact, echo on happy instants result also present peace. Happiness stinkpotnot openly coincide with chaos, making peace of mind dangerous. If it seems like they overlap, pecker deeper and they will begin to distinguish.Since pleasure cannot occur in a state that without peace, it is serious that a min dset of peace be recognized in our lives. another(prenominal) reason why peace of mind is invaluable is our sole chance to change our boldness. When things are going un hale, we still have the aptitude to keep a positive approach. Of course, no positive approach can be shown without adopting peace of mind. Charles R. Swindolls quote concerning our approach still rings very trueI am convinced that life is 10% what happens to me and 90% how I react to it. And so it is with youwe are in charge of our attitudes.CUsersYashDesktopimages (4).jpgFrom the instant we have our first daylight of school, to the time we advance from University, we are trained many basic abilities that build our traits. In order to have wad consent you, using these qualities is a must. generosity being a huge characteristic, is one we should join into our saucer-eyedst jobs. Not only can a small amount of generosity change a life, it can make you sense good and it can make you an improved person. Being generou s is a vital value that we should use every day.While fluctuate someones life with your richness of generosity is essential, how you sense while you do it is also very important. By knowing the influence you are having on someones life, sensation will become good about yourself and that is inevitable. Taking a few hours out of your day to help someone can be very pleasing. Whether that be fate a blind person cross the street, advancing someone a few bucks or helping an older person with their shopping.Sometimes generosity need pushing past a feeling of unwillingness because we all impulsively want to keep worthy things for ourselves. Even so, we can construct our lives in ship canal that make generosity more natural and fun. When we deliberately live below our means and evade over commitment, we nurture a sense of abundance or extra that makes us neediness to share. When we give, we reap the liking of knowing we have made someone elses life cheerier.CUsersYashDesktopimages (6).jp gReasons that lead us to change and get along with freedom, power, knowledge, and immortality hop on of an individual according to Shri Aurobindo depends on the free growth of the individuals which the state tends to suppress. State suppresses free growth of individuals as it ignores natural variation and governs human life by rigid uni leap rules. However uniformity according to Sri Aurobindo suppresses individual development and without progress of the individual society also cannot progress. He says, Always it is individual who progress and completes the rest to progressSri Aurobindos main philosophical work, The Life Divine, opens with a chapter entitled The Human Aspiration. It addresses the urge for progress, the yearning for freedom, light, and perfection, which is so consistently contradicted by our immediate experience, but which still seems to be one of our most typical and most persistent human traits. Sri Aurobindo sees this urge for progress as an expression in the ind ividual of a much vaster movement in nature, a movement that shows itself most clearly in the, at first sight rather improbable, evolution of life and mind out of matter.The first condition of inner progress is to recognize whatever is or has been a maltreat movement in any part of the nature,-wrong idea, wrong feeling, wrong speech, wrong action,-and by wrong is meant what departs from the truth, from the higher consciousness and higher self, from the way of the Divine. Once recognized it is admitted, not glossed over or defended,-and it is offered to the Divine for the crystalize and Grace to descend and substitute for it the right movement of the true Consciousness. (Sri Aurobindo,Letters on Yoga, Vol. 23, p. 661)THE WHOLE burden of our human progress has been an attempt to escape from the shackles to the body and the vital impulses. According to the scientific theory, the human being began as the animal, developed through the savage and consummated in the modern civilised man . The Indian theory is different. God created the world by developing the many out of the One and the corporal out of the spiritual. From the beginning, the objects which compose the physical world were arranged by Him in their causes, developed under the law of their being in the subtle or psychical world and then manifested in the gross or material world. Once manifested in matter the world proceeds by laws which do not change, from age to age, by a regular succession, until it is all withdrawn bet on again into the source from which it came. The material goes back into the psychical and the psychical is involved in its cause or seed. It is again put out when the period of expansion recurs and runs its course on similar lines but with different details till the period of contraction is due. Hinduism regards the world as a recurrent series of phenomena of which the monetary value vary but the general formula abides the same. The theory is only acceptable if we recognize the tru th of the conception formulated in the Vishnu Purana of the world as developments of ideas in the Universal Intelligence which lies at the root of all material phenomena and by its indwelling force shapes the growth of the tree and the evolution of the clod as well as the development of living creatures and the progress of mankind.Whether we take the modern scientific or the ancient Hindu standpoint the progress of humanity is a fact. The rove of Brahma rotates forever but it does not turn in the same place its rotations carry it forward.Human moderation is usually a wiseacre and a botcher it sews a patch of new velvet on old fustian or of new fustian on old velvet and admires its no-account handiwork. And its cautious advance means an accumulation of shams, fictions and dead conventions till the burden of falsehood becomes too great for life to bear and a violent renewing is necessary to deliver the soul of humanity out of the immobilizing cerements of the past. Such is the type of our progress it is the advance of an ignorant and purblind but always light-attracted spirit, a being half-animal, half-god, stumbling forward through the bewildering jungle of its own errors.CUsersYashDownloads6a00d834520ed269e20133f2816eef970b500wi.jpgIf the only prayer you say in your life is thank you, that would suffice. Meister EckhartGratitude means appreciation, together with your blessing, noticing simple joys, and acknowledging everything that you get. It means knowledge to live your life as if everything were a vision, and being attentive on a constant basis of how much youve been given. Gratitude shifts your focus from what your life lacks to the abundance that is already present. In addition, behavioral and psychological research has shown the surprising life improvements that can stem from the practice of gratitude. Giving thanks makes people happier and more resilient, it strengthens relationships, it improves health, and it reduces examine.Gratitude heightens q uality of lifeA large body of recent work has suggested that people who are more grateful have higher levels ofsubjective well-being. grateful people are happier, less depressed, less stressed, and more satisfied with their lives andsocial relationships. Grateful people also have higher levels of control of their environments, personal growth, bearing in life, and self-acceptance.Grateful people have more positive ways of get by with the difficulties they experience in life, being more likely to seek hold out from other people, reinterpret and grow from the experience, and spend more time planning how to deal with the problem. Grateful people also have less negative coping strategies, being less likely to try to avoid the problem, deny there is a problem, blame themselves, or cope through substance use. Grateful people sleep better, and this seems to be because they think less negative and more positive thoughts just before going to sleep.Gratitude has been said to have one of th e strongest links with psychological healthof any character trait. Numerous studies suggest that grateful people are more likely to have higher levels of happiness and lower levels of stress and depression.In one study concerning gratitude, participants were randomly assigned to one of six therapeutic intervention conditions designed to improve the participants overall quality of life (Seligman et. all. 2005). step forward of these conditions, it was found that the biggest short-term effects came from a gratitude visit where participants wrote and delivered a letter of gratitude to someone in their life. This condition showed a rise in happiness lots by 10 percent and a significant fall in depression scores, results which lasted up to one month after the visit.While many emotions and temper traits are important to well-being, there is evidence that gratitude whitethorn be uniquely important. First, a longitudinal study showed that people who were more grateful coped better with a life transition. Specifically, people who were more grateful before the transition were less stressed, less depressed, and more satisfied with their relationships three months later.Second, two recent studies have suggested that gratitude may have a unique relationship with well-being, and can explain aspects of well-being that other personality traits cannot. Both studies showed that gratitude was able to explain more well-being than the whopping Fiveand 30 of the most commonly studied personality traitsComparison with indebtednessGratitude is not the same asindebtedness. While bothemotionsoccur following(a) help, indebtedness occurs when a person perceives that they are under an obligation to make some repayment of compensation for the aid. The emotions lead to different actions indebtedness can instigate the recipient of the aid to avoid the person who has helped them, whereas gratitude can motivate the recipient to seek out their benefactor and to improve their relationship wi th them.QUOTESTrue forgiveness is when you can say, Thank you for that experience.Oprah Winfrey Heart of GratitudeAs we express our gratitude, we must never forget that the highest appreciation is not to utter words, but to live by them. John F. Kennedy answer with kindness, but do not expect gratitude. ConfuciusWalk as if you are kissing the Earth with your feet.Thich Nhat Hanh,Peace Is Every Step The Path of Mindfulness in Everyday LifeWe must find time to stop and thank the people who make a difference in our lives.John F. KennedyGratitude is a form of worship in its own right, as it implies the acceptance of a power greater than yourself.Stephen RichardsBe attached to nothing. Be grateful for everything.David Che,Total Law of draw Unleash Your Secret Creative Power To Get What You WantGratitude of heart can often be seen in a generous spirit.Our Daily abrasion devotions

Interesting World Of Social Media Media Essay

Interesting World Of kind Media Media EssayHaving that said I d ar bet that every Internet- use of fulls and servicesr is or has been part of the sociable Media residential district. Yes, even you. Because, admit it, have you ever watched a video on YouTube? So I thought.Social Media is however more than just YouTube. The experience goes much further than simply watching movies on the internet and that is exactly what captivates me. How push aside one physical body of Media become so huge in such a short time? How is it possible that both companies and private-individuals use the kindred medium on dissimilar appearances? And, more considerablely, why is it that Social Media is still expanding instead of fading away equivalent(p) most of the hypes we recognise? Let it be clear Social Media is one braggy, important and yet complicated songat which we know sm on the wholeish about. Time to dig a little deeperFirst Ill start with discussing the translation of Social Me dia thoroughly. Only when knowing EXACTLY what it is, well be able to netherstand what makes it so interesting and vital.Secondly, Ill be digging a instant in the history of Social Media. How did this new medium come to be? Did it just appear out of nowhere or did it take a bandage before it caught the eyes of the public?Third, Im going to investigate who use Social Media and why? Ill split this promontory in two sub-questions for you Social Media use by private-individuals and Social Media utilise by businesses.Knowing what Social Media is, how it came to be and who use it and why, Ill be able to think of the function Social Media has on our society. Is societal media really that important, or do technophobias have nothing to fear?After concluding whether Social Media has a big or small deviate on our society, Ill look whether I end confirm this conclusion by looking how much is invested in the world of Social Media.Finally, Ill be speculating about the future(a) of Social Media. Will Social Media become vital for every company, or will it just fade away as hype?Welcome to the complicated yet most interesting world of Social Media.Index1 What is mixer media?1.1 Social media as definition1.2 Social media characteristics2 How did societal media come to exist?2.2 social mediums that came out2.3 how social media became popular3 Who use social media and why?3.1 private-individuals3.2 businesses4 How much is invested in social media?5 What influence do social media have on our society?5.1 influence on the human behaviour5.2 influence on politics5.3 influence on marketing6 How will social media develop?6.1 social media statistics of 20106.2 social media in the near future6.3 social media in the far future7 SourcesWhat is Social Media?1.1 Social media as definitionSocial media is a group of Internet-based applications that build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0, which allows the creation and swap of user-generated content. Kap lan and Michael Heanlin in Users of the world, unite The challenges and opportunities of social media, business horizons (2010).In other words, social media is a new medium (it was, arguably, introduced in the second half of the 20th century), that allows tribe to globularly interact through the media. It is a collective term for all the internet-applications that enable us to sh be and discuss nurture, not solitary(prenominal) in the form of text, but also through sound and video.But since social media is a collective term, you probably wont take my brief description for granted. You want to know the different forms that social media has and where they be to be found on the web.Take a seat. This may take a while.So, social media knows six different forms parley, collaboration, multimedia, come off and opinions, entertainment and brand supervise. I will discuss each and every one of them.Communication is currently the biggest form of social media. Three very important aspect s of communication are blogs, micro blogs and social networks. Youve probably heard of them.Blogs are websites, or parts of websites, where people can drop a line articles, columns, reviews, etc. Blogs are ordinarily aimed at a specific subject. Basically, there are two types of blogs commercial blogs and non-commercial blogs. Commercial blogs are mainly used by companies (doh) for a variety of reasons (for pillow slip promoting their product or getting to know the customer), but also by people who kindred to write, professionally, about certain subjects.Non-commercial blogs are mainly used by private-individuals, like you and me. These blogs usually define themselves as blogs compose due to boredom. Usually, I said.A couple of known blogs are WordPress, Bloggers.com and Open-Diary.Micro blogs are basically the same as normal blogs only they are much smaller. Micro blogs contain fewer characters and arent always aimed at a specific subject. Micro blogs are an pure way for comp anies to make small announcements. Just like normal blogs, there are two different kinds of users (businesses and private-individuals, remember?) using the micro blogs. Known micro blogs are Twitter, Tumblr and FML (Fuck My Life).Social networks is arguably the most important component of social media (thank you, Facebook). A social network is a big networking site where people can communicate with each other and share discipline. In a social network you represent yourself using a profile picture and by write down a biography. That way, it is easy to locate people with the same interests which can result in an online friendship. The worry that this feature however brings is that the accessibility of social networks can also be seen as an invitation for perverts. Social networks are an easy way for perverts to hide their true identity and gain the trust of good-willed girls. And for that very reason, I dont blest parents for worrying sick when their children are uploading new pi ctures on Facebook or other social networks. Undoubtedly, social networks are something to be careful with.Luckily, social networks, just like any other form of media, mostly support the option to set your private status to friends only, or to restrict certain areas of your Facebook for unwanted visitors. Its a great way to make your photos pervert-free.Communication however doesnt only consist of these three aspects, but also contains location-based social networks, events, nurture aggregators and online advocacy and fundraising.Location-based social networks are social networks that aim at geography. People can indicate where they are, when they are there and why they are there, which will all be shown on a big map. That way you will be able to see where your friends are and you to notify them about your current location.The events section looks, in one way, very much like the location-based networks. It also relies on a map, only in this case the map indicates where and when eve nts are held, together with more additional information such as who are performing, what kind of an event it is and the ticket fee. Its a great way to stay up-to-date about your favorite artists and to not miss any appealing shows.Social media is used by more than 50% of the American population, and for that very reason it should come to no surprise that there are lots of different sites with germ to social media and they are all very crowded. Amongst the common social media users there are celebrities, publishers and developers writing their thoughts down and making announcements. Social media is a huge relate of information and it didnt take long till information aggregators were introduced to the market. Information aggregators are sites with big, huge dashboards that gather information from all social networks.The last part that communication knows is advocacy and fundraising. I believe AF is a rather peculiar element of communication, because its usually integrated in other s ocial media (mostly social networks). The main cultivation of AF companies is to raise as much money as they can for charity. They do this by advertising on other sites and by striking up partnerships. curiously live broadcasting sites such as BlogTV and Stickam attract AF companies.Where communication specializes in a belonging community, collaboration is recognized for its involvement with other sites sites that fall under the collaboration category usually gather information from other sources.The six aspects of collaboration are wikis, social bookmarking, social news, social navigation, content management systems and register managing and editing tools.Wikis are a perfect example of sites gathering information from other sources. Take a look at the end of a Wikipedia varlet and you are high likely to see a list full or sources. For instance, when looking up social media the most famous wiki Wikipedia, surpasss me thisWikis are more often than not known for their reliability because they make use of the knowledge management system, meaning that every user can contribute to the site by creating and editing articles. That results in a huge database.Another social database that collaboration knows is social bookmarking. Social bookmarking collects links of all kinds of sites and then categorizes them. Users are able to rate (or as I like to call it digg) and share the links. That way people can easily find good, reliable sites that fit their interests.Known social bookmark sites are Stumbleupon, exquisite and Google Reader.Social News looks a bit like social bookmarking it also works with a rating system. Unlike professional news sites however, people write their own news on social news sites. Readers have the ability to vote on articles deciding what is important and what isnt. Social news sites are seemingly a magnet for information aggregators. For them its like killing two birds with one stone social news sites contain a lot of information and the c ommunity already picks their favorite articles.Known social news sites are Digg, Newvine and Reddit.Social navigation, content management systems and document managing and editing tools are the lesser known social media components of collaboration, which comes quite a bit to my surprise because social navigation and content management systems can actually come in quite handy.Social navigation, for instance, provides information about the public transport, and content management systems is a software-application that simplifies the complicated code-language of the internet for common users like you and me.In the case of social navigation, Im guessing that mobile phones and global positioning systems are preferred by todays customers because these are more frequently used in vehicles.I dont blame Document managing and editing tools for being little popular though. They are online (free) writing tools and also allow users to share their documents with the Interwebs, but why would anyon e want to share their articles randomly with these tools on the internet? Most of the articles that are published on the internet are published not through document managing and editing tools but through own websites. The documents are usually written in Word.Multimedia is a term you have probably already heard of. It is generally favored by the youth. Multimedia can be change integrity in five aspects photography and art communion, video manduction, live casting, music and audio sharing and presentation sharing.Its very common for multimedia sites to be used for other kinds of social media. Think of it multimedia sites are perfect databases to store your pictures and videos because they can easily be linked in your articles thanks to embedded codes.though the names already give away where the aspects actually function for, I have decided to explain them anyhow. As you probably have already noticed, I like being as thorough as possible.Photography and art sharing are, as the nam e already says, sites where people can share pictures. They avail as a great way for people to save (and optionally share) their photos and find other photos. Since (mainly) blogs dont have a lot of space, photography and art sharing sites are very popular places for bloggers to upload their pictures on. They wont be bothered with the limited space problem and wont risk the chance of having the original photo removed so that only a dead link will remain.Video sharing basically have the same principal as PAs only do they specialize in videos except for pictures. Especially Youtube is a very important component of the video sharing aspect. Video sharing is used by both private-individuals and businesses. Private-individuals use video sharing mainly as entertainment, but also as outlet or gateway to show their own talents.Businesses use video sharing for promotion by uploading videos about their brand (mostly funny commercials or trailers).Remarkable is that most live casting users ar e also lovely popular on video sharing sites such as Youtube. Many famous Youtubers (like Davedays, Shanedawson, Zushoo, Creepjeepers) are featured on Stickam and BlogTV (two of the biggest live casting sites). Apart from their scripted shows they sometimes like to just randomly entertain fans on liveshows.Live casting is also often used as live streaming wile for important shows. If people cant attend certain events for any reason, they will be able to follow it live at home.Music and audio sharing is an aspect of collaboration that specializes in sounds. On these sites, users are able to customize their own playlists and check out other playlists. It is a popular concept for wireless broadcasts because their audience are most likely music fans and appeal to this market.Presentation sharing is mainly used by companies. Sharing presentations is a great way to take information up in an interactive way. Especially for teachers, presentation sharing can come in handy. Its a great wa y to eye socket the modern generation of students and still educational.Despite the fact that most people write reviews and opinions on blogs, there are still a couple of sites amply dedicated to the reviews and opinions category. The RO category has but three aspects product reviews, business reviews and community question answer.Lets start with the beginning product reviews are sites where the community can give their opinion on certain products. Its a really nice way for people to know what product to buy and what not. Business reviews are practically the same as product reviews, only they dont contain the opinion about products, but about companies. Is the service any good? Are they reliable? Etc.The problem with business and product reviews however, is that questions HAVE to be business/product related meaning that if you have any other questions, you have nowhere to turn. Thats where the community question and answer comes in. Community QA sites are sites where people can a sk whatever they want and the community will answer. YahooAnswers is a well-known QA site.As Ive already said, entertainment is very popular with todays generation. The entertainment category consists of media and entertainment platforms, virtual worlds and game sharing.Media and entertainment platforms is probably the least popular form of social media from all kinds of social media we have, because they play mostly behind the scenes. They are used by older companies who arent yet integrated in the modern society and allow them to modify their products/marketing strategies.Virtual Worlds on the other hand are pretty popular and used by a large amount of youngster. Virtual Worlds are basically online games like World of Warcraft, the Sims Online and Second Life. Players are able to create an imaginative character and play in a fictional world, where they can fall in other people.But hold on a minute, you might think. If online games are part of the virtual worlds, then why is ther e another subcategory named overlap games?That is, because shared games support browser-based games instead of downloadable programs. Shared games are usually simple flash-games, made by the community, and all playable on one big site. Virtual games, on the other hand, are usually huge, downloadable, professional games and its creators will dedicate themselves towards one game.At last, we have arrived at the last category brand monitoring. Brand monitoring knows only one form, which is social media measurement. Social media measurement is an indicator that provides information about the internet traffic. Companies use it in order to get a good insight in their costumers where are they from, how old are they and what are their interests?Its a great way to get to know the customer I think.So, that was chapter 1.1 the definition of social media and honestly, I wonder whether you still know what content managing systems are without looking it back up. Its a whole lot of information, I admit, but necessary information all the same. All I have done now is given you a good idea of what social media is and what we count under social media.I have written a quick conveniently arranged table about paragraph 1.1 for you below. You are welcome.Social MediaCommunicationBlogs, Microblogs, Social Networking,Location-based social networks, events, information aggregators, online advocacy and fundraisingCollaborationWikis, social bookmarking, social news,Social navigation, Content Management Systems, Document Managing and Editing ToolsMultimediaPhotography and art sharing, video sharing,Livecasting, music and audio sharing, presentation sharingReviews and OpinionsCommunity Question and Answers,product reviews, business reviewsEntertainmentVirtual worlds,Media and entertainment platforms, Game sharingBrand MonitoringSocial Media barPermission granted to reproduce for personal and educational use only. Commercial copying, hiring, lending is prohibited.

Anthropogenic Effects on Coral Reefs Essay -- Unprecedented Stresses t

Abstract Humans have a very large tack together on the ecosystems of coral reefs. Sensitivity of coral reefs causes them to be more susceptible to harmful anthropogenic practices. Some of these are sedimentation, global warming, recreational activities, poison fishing, frivol away fishing practices, pissing pollution, and coral mining. All of these very different practices can effectively end up with the same results the mortality of coral reefs around the world. chromatic reefs are an important ecosystem of the world, and support many different industries and millions of people. Introduction Coral Reefs are said to be the tropical rainforest of the sea. They are home to everyplace 25% of all marine life (http//coralreefalliance.org.stories/storyReader$77). Over the past few decades they have been subjected to destructive anthropogenic practices. Some of the major threats to coral reefs include sedimentation, water pollution, harmful recreational activities, an d global warming. All of these things cause stress on corals and can potentially cause mortality. Corals are made up of two parts, a polyp and zooxanthellae. A polyp is a calcerous body that grows from a hard part of the ocean floor. Zooxanthellae is a photosynthetic algae which lives in the polyp and bid energy for themselves and the coral. In many cases, corals undergo bleaching, which is a process where corals lose the zooxantheallae or chlorophyll pigment, and turn white (Wilkinson et all). After bleaching corals can survive for several(prenominal) months. It is possible for corals to recover by hosting more zooxantheallae, but it can take between 5 and 50 years for them to recover completely (Wilkinson et all, 1999). Sedimentation As the human p... ...h Letters, v. 27, no. 23, p. 3901-3904. Nowlis, J., Roberts, C., Smith, A., and Siirila, E., 1997, Human Enhanced Impacts of a Tropical Storm on Nearshore Coral Reefs Ambio, v. 26, no. 8, p. 515-521. Rouphael, A.B. and Inglis, G.J., 1997, Impacts of Recreational Scuba Diving at Sites with varied Reef Topographies Biological Conservation, vol. 82, no. 3, p. 329-336. Wilkinson, C., Linden, O., Cesar, H., Hodgson, G., Rubens, J., and Strong, A., 1999, Ecological and Socioeconomic Impacts of 1998 Coral Mortality in the Indian Ocean An ENSO Impact and a Warning for Future veer Ambio, v., 28, no.2, p. 188-196. Wolanski, E., Spagnol, S., 1999, Pollution by mud of Great Barrier Reef Coastal Waters Journal of Coastal Research, V. 16, no. 4, p. 11510-1156. http//www.coralreefalliance.org/stories/storyReader$77 http//www.earthisland.org

Anna’s Story: Neglect of The Innocent :: Short Story Essays

Annas Story Neglect of The Innocent Anna turned three years old on November 1st, 2002. We still have gotten no word from Nicole, nevertheless my mother seems to think that she is no longer in the state of Tennessee. - S.M, December 2002 Fun, wild, and society lovingthis all comes to mind when I think of my aunt Nicole. I cant remember her ever being very responsible, but yet she was my favorite out of my mothers three other sisters. Three years ago, this party girl had a beautiful baby who she named Anna Michelle. Nicole has not seen Anna since she was ten days old. The reason for this is that my baby cousin Anna has been living with my family and I. This is Annas story Anna came into this word analogous most of the rest of us. She developed inside her mother Nicoles stomach for nine months, and was successfully delivered on November 1st, 1999 in the Johnson City Medical Center at 423am. She was a healthy baby, weighing in at six pounds and 5 ounces, with no defects or sicknesses, and delivery time was a mere louver to six hours. Nicole and Anna were doing wonderful, and were allowed to go home that next evening around 800. You would think that after nine months of baby planning, Nicole would have everything that a baby would need, homogeneous diapers, food, and clothes. But like I said before, Nicole was a true party girl, always living life on the edge and taking the fast course in life, and defiantly never planning for anything, and apparently did nothing of this sort. Nine days later, baby Anna and mommy Nicole were at our front door. Anna had on an old facial expression nightgown and a dirty bib, and to tell you the truth, her mother Nicole was not looking much better. The diaper bag that Nicole was grasping looker fairly new, but we couldnt help but notice that it was barley filled. She had only two jars of baby food, and maybe one or two diapers for Anna.